Wood-planing machine



( No Model.)

11 Sheets-Sheet 1.

s. A. weens.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

11 SheetsShet 2 (No Model.)

s. A. woons. WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

MM m w M W N. rnms. Plwln-blhogmpllun Washingln. u. c.

(No Model.) 11 sheetssheet 3.

' S. A. WOODS.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. Patentd Feb. 19, 1889 Maw Mg N. PETERS. Phulo-Limogn lwr, \vawin mn. D. C.

11 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

s. A. woobs.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

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WITNESSES fiffi QM N. PETERS Fnawmhc m her. wash'm mn, u. c

(No Model.) '11 Sheets-Sheet 5. S. A WOODS}.

' WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. m Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

WITNESSES: llVVE/VTOH.

ATTORNEY N. PETERS. Phola-L'nhngnphcr. Wilshlnglon. o. c.

(No Model.) 11 Sheets-Sheet 6. S. A. WOODS.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE. I N0- 398,36Z. Patented Feb. 19,1889.

A T TOR/VE Y N. PETERS. PnnmLimo n her. Washin ton. ll. Q

(No Model.)

' 11 Sheets-She'et 7.

S. A. WOODS.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

IIVVEIVTOR 1% A A TTORIVEY N PETERS, PhowLilho m her. WashinglolL D. C.

11 Sheets-Sheet s.

S. A. WOODS.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

WITNESSES.-

N. PETERS. Phnwulho m her, Waihmglnn. n. C,

.11 Sheets-Sheet 9.

(No Model.)

S. A. WOODS.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

No. 398,362. Patented Feb. 19, 1889.

IIIIVEIVTOI? WITNESSES A TTOH/VEY n PETERS rlwmuu m nen Washingmn, n. c.

11 SheetsSheet 10.

(N0 Modl.)

s. A. woons. WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

Patented Feb. 19, 1889..

lA/l/E/VTOR WITNESSES.-

ATTORNEY NY PETERS,- Photo-Lilhngmpher, Washington. D. a

(No Model.)

11 Sheets-Sheet 11 S. A. WOODS.

WOOD PLANING MACHINE.

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a d 6 & lu n 6 b aw P ATTORNEY I stantially UNITED STATES PATENT OEEIcE.

SOLOMON A. WOODS, OF BOSTON, MASSACl-IUSE'FFS.

WOOD;-PLAN|NG MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 398,362, dated February 19, 1889.

Application filed December 3, 1885. Serial No. 184,608. (No model.)

2b aZZ whom it may concern.-

5 Be it known that I, SOLOMON A. \VoO'DS, of Boston, in the county of Suffolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented a new and useful Improvement in \Vood-Planing Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to machines for planing wood, and more especially to that variety known as 1nolding-1nachines; and it consists of certain new and useful combinations and arrangements of the several parts, subas hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a front side elevation of a planing'machine provided with my improvements. Fig. '2 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of the main frame with part of the mechanism removed. Fig. 4 is a top view of the same. Figs. 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and are detail views of parts of the working mechanism. Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a portion of the machine at the feed-out end, in side elevation. Fig. 12 is a top plan view of the same. Fig. 13 is the same as Fig. 11, with the end of the table dropped down. Fig. 14 is a vertical longitudinal section of Fig. 11. Fig. 15 is an enlarged top plan view of the portion of the supporting parts and table in which the front vertical molding-head is mounted. Fig. 16 is a transverse vertical section of the same. in front of the moldcr'head. Fig. 17 is a transverse vertical section of the same inrear of the molder-head. Fig. 18 is a longitudinal vertical section of the same through the plates supporting the cutter-head, substantially as hereinafter described. Fig. 19 is an enlarged view of a transverse vertical section of a part of its supporting parts and the table behind the rear vertical molder-head. Fig. 20 is a vertical longitudinal section of the same through the plates supporting the molderhead hereinafter described. Fig. 21 is a vertical longitudinal section through the table, showing the plates in edge view. Fig. 22 is a horizontal section of the same through the table on line X X of Fig. 21. Fi 23 is an enlarged top plan view of the portion of the machine containing the feed-rolls. Fig. 24 is a side elevation of the same; Figs. 25, 26, and 27 are details of the same, partly in section. Fig. 28 is a transverse vertical section of the same on the line X X of Fig. Bl. Figs. 29 and 30 are details of the same. Fig. 31 is a front end view of the part of the machine shown in Figs. '11, I2, and 14:.

A is the main frame of the machine, which is what is known as a side molder, or one having a table open or accessible on one side.

Bis the table, which is made to rise and fall by means of screws 1) Z). This table slides up and down in vertical guideways attached in the ordinary manner to frame A and on guides attached to the vertical web-piece NV, which projects downward the whole length of the rear side of the table and stiifens the table as well as supports the nuts in which the screws 1) I) work, and the brackets for the by means of the pulleys P P.

C is the upper horizontal cutter-head mounted on the shaft 0, which is supported in boxes on frame A in the ordinary manner, and also by a box, 0, attached to the upright U, which extends up'and down in front of table B. This upright has a vertical longi tudinal slot through it, u, through which the bolt to, passing through an car on table B, projects, and this bolt is provided with a nut on its outer end, which may be screwed up against the upright and so clamp the table more securelyin any given position for doing nice work. The pulley 0 attached to the shaft 0, is belted from the pulley P 'to revolve the cutter-head O. Y

C is the lower horizontal cutter-head, which is mounted on a shaft in boxes supported by table 13 and moves up and down "with it in the ordinary manner. At one end of its'shaft is mounted the pulley o which is belted from the pulley P C is the rear vertical cutter-head mounted upon an upright shaft journaled in boxes attached to the table B and its web V by means of an intervening vertically'sliding plate, 0

which moves in a guideway in a horizontallysliding plate attached to the table and web W. A pulley, 0 is attached to the upright it comes beneath table B, and it has attachedv terinandout n the ordinary manner. .A

shaft of this cutter-head, which is belted from the pulley P, and a hand-wheel and screw, c", serves to raise and lower the plate c up and down with reference to the table B.

C is the front vertical cutter-head mounted upon an upright shaft turning in boxes attached to plate 6. Plate 6 is attached to plate 6 by bolt 6 which serves as a pivot on which to swing plate 6 out and in at its upper end in a vertical plane, thus inclining cutter-head C from theperpendicular to enable it to cut a beveled edge 011 the molding. Two other bolts, e e are fixed in platee and project through curved slots in plate 6, having bolt e as a common center of their curves, these slots fitting the bolts c loosely, so as to move over them. Outside of plate e these boltse are screw-threaded and provided with nuts,

which may be screwed down upon the plate Lblfi ,Plate 6 is attached in turn to platec by and clamp it in position after itis swung on bolts e eiuwhich project through vertical Lemma i t-h le t nand ar ab Of ing up and down in these grooves. These bolts are screw-threaded and provided with nuts capable of being clamped down I upon platee to secure it toplatee'in any desired position. A hand-wheel and screw, 6 passes through ears on plates 6 and e, and raises and lowers the latter in the usual manner. Platee has attached to it a web piece, w, flanged around its outer edge, as shown, and

. the face of this flange rests against an. ear, w,

projecting outward from the web WV of table The web 20 is provided with guides where to it two bolts, e 6 which project through horizontal slots in ear w, in which they are capable of being moved to and fro. These bolts have nuts screwed upon their outer ends to clamp the parts together when desired. A h a n d,-wheel, e is provided. with s a horizontal screw passing through earson the ear w and flange of web w, and adapted to move the latpulley, e, is attached -.to the shaft of cutterhea d (J and is belted onto pulley P.

I It is of course understood that the parts of plate 6 to which the boxes of this shaft are attached project far enough inward beyond the plates 2 e and web 10 and ear to, as shown in Figs. and 17, to allow the belt from pulley e to pulley P to pass behind them. This construction of the parts brings the ear a", which supports the cutter-head and intermediate adjusting mechanism, as well as thelatter, between the pulleys e and P, andicauses the strain of the belt to come against the solid backing which plates e, e, and e have against each other andagainst the ear w instead of against the bolts and nuts holding the parts together, as would .bethe, case if the pulley e were on the other sides of the supporting parts. As has been stated, the vertically-sliding plate 0 of the rear vertical eutter-head is attached to the plate 0 (see Figs.

19, 20, 21, and 22) by means of guideways and the hand-wheel and screw 0 to move it up and down. The plate 0 is in turn attached to the table B and web \V by hori zontal guideways c permitting it to move out and in transversely of the table in th usual manner.

Attached to the table by ears and passing through ears in plate 0 are hand-wheels and screws 0 0 which move the plate 0 to and fro on its horizontal guideways 0 and enable the rear vertical cutter-head to be adjusted from the front and same side of the table as the front vertical cutter.

' The two screwsb bwhich move the table B up and down are preferable to a single screw; but one may be' used instead, if preferred. They are placed beneath the table to render t-hem more convenient and less in the way thanwhen above. and behind the table; but

.asin this position it would be inconvenient On the lower end of each screw is attached a bevelgear. These bevel-gears meshwith two bevel-pinions, I), mounted on the horizontal shaft 6 which turns in bearings attached to the frame. A bevel-gear, 19 is attached to this shaft near its center, and into this meshes the bevel-pinion b, which is attached to the lower end of the inclined shaft 5 is supported in bearings in the frame of the machine and in the upright U, and is inclined upward at such an angle as to bring its upper end within convenient reach of the operator of the machine. To this upper end isattached the crank b, by which the shaft is turned. I thus provide a mechanism for adjusting the table B up and down, which is accessible and convenient. The upright U has a joint, n above the bearing of the shaft b where its upper and lower portion s are clamped together by the bolt u.

In case it is desired to mold or plane one side or edge of a board wider than table B, the bolts u and a are removed and the upper end of the upright U is removed, thus preventing its obstructing .the passage of the board through the machine. This upright U is supported upon a foot, 24 projecting outward from the frame and resting 011 the floor or foundation on which it stands, thus giving it greater rigidity.

Projecting from the frame of the machine behind and over the table B is a curved arm, a, carrying upon its outer end the vertical plate a. The latter has on its face a vertical guideway, (0 Figs. 8 and 9, on which the plate a moves up and down. Passing through ears 011 plates to a is the screw a which is journaled in the ear of the plate a, and

works in a screw-thread in the other ear to adjust plate a up and down. Theplate a has two horizontal slots, at, through it, and a This shaft bolts being narrower than the slots, so as to allow the presser-foot to be swung up, with its lower face at an angle from the face of the table in either direction transversely. Two set-screws, a a are inserted into holes tapped into the vertical web of the presserfoot. By screwing these screws inward the lower face of the presser-foot maybe cant-ed or tipped at an angle longitudinally to the face of table B by the pressure of the ends of the screws against the face of plate a. This presser-foot is intended to have secured to its lower face, by screws through holes to v, Fig. 7, a wooden shoe, the reverse on its lower face of the molding to be stuck. These adjustments of the presser-foot enable this shoe to be fitted to it, so as to bear evenly upon the molding, with much less care and trouble. D is another arm proj ectingfrom the framework over the table B and carrying a plate with guideways, a vertically -sliding plate thereon, a hand-wheel and screw, and apresser-foot attached to and adjustable upon the vertically-sliding plate, all constructed like described.

In case it is desired to use a wooden shoe long enough to reach from the presser-foot of arm a to that of arm D, which shoe is to be attached to both presser-feet in the usual manner, it will be observed that they are capable of being adjusted by my mechanism to bring the shoe to a true bearing upon the molding, as before described.

The part M of the table B on the lead-out side of the cutter-head C is provided with a supplemental. bed-plate, m countersunk into the part M on top of the same. This supplemental bed-pla-tc is for the purpose of adj ustment to the set of the knives of cutter-head Part M is attached to the front face of part 11:, upon which it moves up and down by means of a slot formed through the part M and a bolt, m, as shown in dotted lines in from the lower end of part m. has passing through it the smooth body of the screw in which screws into a hole tapped into the part M and supplemental bed-plate m are adjusted up and down to the cutters, as described. Supplemental bed-plate on has bolts m proj ecting from its lower face through longitudinal slots in part M with nuts on the lower ends of the bolts, as shown by dotted lines in Figs. 10 and .11. By means of these bolts and nuts supplemental bed-plate m may be secured in the proper position after having been adjusted horizontally to the cutters.

In four holes, in or", Fig. 2, in the edges of part M of the table are inserted set-screws, by which the side guide-pieces are attached to the top of the table to guide thepieee of wood being stuck in its passage through the machine and between them.

It is necessary to swing the part M of the table out of the way of the cutter-head C to I readily obtain access to it for adjusting its knives, &c. It has been customary to do this by swinging the part M of the table sidewise on a vertical pivot, but in order to do this one of the side guide-pieces must be removed with its set-screws from the top of this part of the table and replaced and readjusted when the latter is swung back to place. To obviate the necessity of doing this, I suspend the part M to the. table B by a horizontal pivot, m", passin g through the table B from side to side and through an ear of part m, (shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1,) thus allowing the latter to drop downward freely away from the lumber being stuck and swung up again without disturbing the side guides.

To hold the part on to the table B firmly, an ear, or", is attached to the side of the part on and an ear, m, to the table B, and theseears are slotted horizontally inward to a sufficient depth to receive the belt at sidewise, the head end of the bolt being pivoted in the car at by a vertical pivot, m through the ear,

up and down on which it swings horizontally. the similar parts attached to arm a, as just A nut, m onthe other end of bolt m serves to clamp the two cars solidly together when in the position shown in Figs. 1, 11, 13, and 31.

The operation of the parts'is as follows: The nut m is unscrewed and the bolt m is swung horizontally outward on its pivot until it clears the car an. The part M of the table is then dropped down onits pivotm, as before described. On the opposite or rear side of the table another pair of ears and a swiveled bolt and nut, like an, m, m and on, maybe attached, if it is desired to hold the part M to the remainder of table B more rigidly than with the similar parts above d escribed.

The lower cylinder or cutter-head, C", is attached to a frame which slides up and down on guideways upon a flange attached to and projecting downward from the table B, and the bar or mouth-piece on the feed-in side of this cut- An ear projecting at a right. angle ter-head is attached firmly to the table. The bar, bed-plate, or mouth-piece m on the opposite or feed-out side of the cutter-head is at taehed to cars which project downward under the cutter-head and are pivoted to its frame at nt. By this construction the adjustment of the cutter-head frame upon the table B adjusts and carries with it the mouth-piece m on the feed-out side, with relation to the bar or mouth-piece on the feed-in side of the cutter-head. This arrangement obviates the necessity of providing an independent adjustment for the boxes of the cylinder 0 in the frame, as would be necessary if the mouthpiece on the feed-in side of the cutter-head were attached to the cutter-head frame and' IIO moved up and down with it when the frame was adjusted vertically with relation to the table B. By the use of the screw and handwheel for adjusting the cutter-head or cylinder (1 vertically with relation to the tableB, all vibration of the cutter-head withrelation to its feed-in bar or mouth-piece is obviated,

and irregularities in planing the lumber are avoided. This constructions enables me to drop down the part M of the table when the side guide-pieces are attached to-it, by means of the holes m m as before described, and while the molding is in the machine and projecting over it, in order to adjust the lower cylinder or cutter-head, C, with relation to its bar or mouthpiece on the feed-in side, it being important to make this adjustment to have the depth of cut of the cutter-head exactly right, and when this is accomplished the part M is swung up to place again and needs no further adjustment either of its side guide-pieces. or of itself with relation to the cutter-head and it s feed-in bar or mouth-piece. This function of the part M of the table with relation to the adjustment of the cutter-head and itself to the bar or mouth-piece on the feed-in side, when the lumber is in the machine, would manifestly be impossible to be performed if the part M swung sidewise instead of downward awayfrom the lumber. As it is customary to adjust the cutter-head O to its feedin bar or mouth-piece by means of templetmoldings or pattern-moldings partially out, which are placed in the machine for that purpose and project over the part M of the table, in order to produce extreme accuracy of work and accomplish the adjustment quickly the described construction of the parts becomes important in the practical use of the machine. Above the table B, on the lead-in side, are placed the feed-rollers n n, projecting outward on the ends of shafts 41 n The frame 01. is pivoted to shaft 01 which passes through and is journaled in the sides of the frame A and carries on its end the pinion p and pulley 19 which is belted on pulley s, mounted on shaft 8. Attached to this shaft is the pulley 3 which belts to the pulley the latter being attached to the same shaft as the fast and loose pulleys P P. The shaft n is journaled in frame a and rises and falls with it, carrying on its end pinion p and gear-wheel p, which meshes into pinion p. 01 has the shafts n n journaled in it, and carries on a stud projecting from it the pin ion 19 which gears into and connects pinion p with pinion p on the end of shaft a.

Fromframe n projects upward the strap or stud 11?, through amortise in which passes lever a", which has a weight, 12 on its outer end,

' and serves to press down the feed-rolls n a, this lever being pivoted to a stud projecting from the frame at 19 This mechanism is well known and permits the feed-rolls, while being driven positively, to rise and fall to accommodate themselves to the inequalities of thelumber. As the strain on the feed-rolls in driving the lumber through the machine is horizontally toward the lead-in end of table.

B, it comes upon the shaft 91 as ordinarily constructed, at the feed-roll end thereof, and

I relieve the shaft of this strain by attaching to the frame a a projection, a which extends from the frame toward the feedroll and Another frame,

presses against the part of frame a in which shaft n is journaled at that end, this part of the frame being made cylindrical to allow the shaft to turn in both frames, as heretofore. In the slot or mortise in the stud n through which the lever 42 passes, I also place a friction-roller, a, above, and another, c below the lever, Fig. 10, which avoids friction between the lever and stud when the feed-rollers n a rise and fall in feeding the lumber through the machine.

WVhat'I claim as new and of .my invention 1. Ina wood-planing machine, the combination, with the rising-and-falling table B, having the upright U extending upward upon the frontside' of it, and formed of a lower section and an upper detachable section, and moving up and down upon guideways upon the frame on-the rear side of it, of one or more screws,;b Z7, provided with bevel pinion or pinions upon their lower end or ends, inclined shaft 29 projecting upward and outward and downward and inward through the upright U,

below its upper detachablesection, in position to be within reachlof the operator while observing the distance of adjustment of the table from above the latter frame, and carrying the crank b on its outer and upper end, and the pinion; b on its inner. and lower end, and a gear mechanism connecting the gear or gears on the lower end or ends ofv said screw or screws, with the gear I), substantially as described.

2. In. a wood-planing machine, thecombination of the rising-and-falling' table B, the inclined shaft b having a bearing in the upright U and projecting outside of it, with the latter extending up and down outsideof the path of the table and above the top thereof and having a joint, 13, and its clamping mechanism above the shaft and'below the tabletop, whereby its upper part is adapted to be removed and replaced from in front of the table, substantially as described.

3. In a wood-planing machine, thecombination of frame A, pulley P, rising-and-falh "ing table B, provided with flanges W w benation of the pulley P,'the rising-and-falling table B, provided with flanges W 10 beneath the same, plate a, sliding inward and outward on flange to, plate a, sliding vertically upward and downward on plate a, and the cutter-h ead C and its shaft and pulley e supported upon a yoke pivoted to plate e in substantially the same horizontal plane as pulley e and upon one side thereof, the said plates and yoke being attached to flange w and to each other, respectively, in the order named an angle to the table-surface either longion their opposite sides from pulley P, substantially as described.

5. The combination of the table B, the lower horizontal cutter-head, O, mounted on bearings therein at one end and below the upper surface of the same, and the extension M mv of said table, in two parts adapted to be ad justcd vertically one upon the other, pivoted thereto by the horizontal pivot on below said cutter-head, and provided with clamping mechanism to secure said extension in posi tion with its upper surface parallel to that of said table, substantially as described.

(3. The combination of table B, having the slotted car on, and swinging bolt m and nut. on", connected thereto, the lower horizontal cutter-head, C, mounted on bearings therein at one end below the upper surface of the same, and the extension M m of said table in two parts adapted to be adjusted vertitieally one upon the other, pivoted thereto by the horizontal pivot '01" below said cutterhead, and having part on, provided with the slotted car 971 substantially as described.

7. The combination of the table B, having the extension M m pivoted thereto, tliehorizontal cutter-head C, mounted in bearings below the table-surface and between its main part and extension M, and the supplemental bed an, adjacent to said cutter head and mounted upon the vertically-sliding part M, having the adjusting-screw m substantially as described.

8. The combination of the feed-roll shaft 71, feed-roll shaft 11 frame a, and frame n pivoted tov the main frame A, and provided with the projecting shoulder "a taking a bearing against frame 11 outside the bearing of shaft a therein, upon which the latter frame is pivoted, substantially as described.

ll. The combination of the frame n, pivoted to main frame A, shaft 11 having pivotal bearings in frame n and frame 1'), and the latter provided with slotted stud nhhaving friction-rollers n' 12 in its slot, and the pivoted lever n, passing through between said rollers, substantially as described.

10. The combination. of table *3, arm a, provided at its outer end with vertical guideways, plate a", moving up and down on said guideways, and presser-foot a, connected to said verticall vmoving plate by universal pivotal connections, substantially as described, adaptcd to incline its lower face at tudinally or transversely thereof, and clamping mechanism to secure said plate in such inclined position, substantially as described.

11. The combination of table B, arm a, provided at its outer end with vertical guide- 3 ways, plate a moving up and down on said or mouth-piece arranged parallel with the cutter-head on. the feed-out or "delivery side thereof, provided with downwardly-proj ecting arms or brackets supporting said bar or mouth-piece at the ends, and connectedl by horizontal pivots withthe cutter-head frame below the cutter-head, whereby provision is afforded for swinging said bar or mouth-piece on its feed-out side downward from its normal or operative position and away from the cutter-head in a plane transverse to the length thereof, and whereby any rising or falling movement of the cutter-head frame with relation to table B and its attached throat or mouth-piece on the feed-in side will produce a corresponding movement of the said bar or mouth-piece on the feed-out side, substantially as described.

13. The combination of the table ll, carrying a throat or mouth-piece for the lower cutter-head, O, on its feed-in side, the said cutter-head and its spindle and frame supporting the bearings thereof, mounted on vertical guideways on table B and provided with a screw and hand-wheel for adjusting the same vertically with relation thereto, and a bar or moutlrpiece arranged parallel with the cutter-head on the feed-out or delivery side thereof, provided with downwardly-pro j ecting arms or brackets supporting said bar or mouthpiece at the ends and connected by horizontal pivots with the cutter-head frame below the cutter-head, whereby provision is afforded for swingingsaid bar or month-piece on its feed-out side downward from its normal or operative position and away from the cutter-head in a plane transverse to the length thereof, and whereby any rising or falling movement of the cutter-head frame with relation to table B and its attached throat or mouth-piece on the feed-in side will produce a corresponding movement of the said bar or mouth-piece on the feed-out side, substantially as described.

SOLOMON A. WOODS.

\Vitnesses:

DAVID HALL RIcE, N. P. OCKINGTON. 

